Characteristics of the Apricot
The apricot (Prunus armeniaca) is a member of the Rosaceae (rose) family, known for its soft texture, pleasant aroma, and distinctive golden yellow color. Typically round or oval in shape, it is sweet and aromatic, enjoyed both fresh and dried.
Apricots contain a high amount of water and dietary fiber. While fresh apricots are a refreshing summer fruit, sun-dried apricots are long-lasting and energy-rich snacks. Apricots are also widely used in juices, jams, marmalades, compotes, and desserts.
History
The apricot originates from Central Asia and China. Throughout history, it spread to Anatolia and Europe via the Silk Road. Its Latin name, Prunus armeniaca (Armenian plum), refers to its westward spread through Armenia.
Turkey is the global leader in apricot production. Especially, the city of Malatya is internationally recognized as the “capital of apricots” and is famous for its geographically indicated dried apricots. Other production areas include Iğdır, Mersin, Elazığ, and Kars.
Health Benefits
Apricots, whether fresh or dried, are rich in nutrients, especially:
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Vitamin A (beta-carotene)
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Vitamin C
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Iron, potassium, calcium
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Fiber and antioxidants
They aid digestion and support gut health, offering a natural remedy for constipation. Apricots also promote skin and eye health and strengthen the immune system. Dried apricots are a concentrated energy source, making them an ideal snack for athletes and those with busy lifestyles.
Additionally, their low glycemic index makes them a healthy alternative for those looking to control blood sugar levels.
Harvesting, Packaging, and Export Process
Depending on the variety, apricots are usually harvested in June and July. Once fully ripe, they are carefully picked by hand or with mechanical systems. Export-quality apricots are classified based on color, size, aroma, and firmness.
Fresh apricots are stored in cold chain systems to maintain freshness. Those to be dried are typically sun-dried under hygienic conditions to ensure long shelf life and export readiness.
Malatya dried apricots are globally renowned for their quality and are exported to regions including Europe, the United States, Russia, the Middle East, and Asia.
Conclusion
Apricots are among the top choices for those seeking health, taste, and quality — both at the table and in export markets. Whether fresh or dried, this exceptional fruit retains its value throughout the year.