Characteristics of the Peach
The peach (Prunus persica) is a beloved summer fruit belonging to the Rosaceae (rose) family, known for its velvety skin and juicy, sweet flesh. Its outer skin ranges from yellow to reddish hues, while the inner flesh can be yellow, orange, or white. It stands out both visually and in taste.
Peaches can be consumed fresh or used in juices, jams, marmalades, desserts, pies, and compotes. With its fibrous texture and pleasant aroma, it is a staple of the summer season.
Varieties include:
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Firm, white-fleshed peaches
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Soft, yellow-fleshed peaches
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Nectarines (smooth-skinned peaches)
History
The origin of the peach traces back to China, making it one of the oldest cultivated fruits. From there, it spread to Central Asia, then to Persia, and finally to Anatolia and Europe. That’s why its scientific name is Prunus persica, meaning “Persian plum.”
Turkey plays an important role in peach production. Key growing regions include Bursa, Mersin, Adana, Çanakkale, Aydın, İzmir, and Istanbul. Bursa peaches are especially renowned for their high quality and rich aroma.
Health Benefits
Peaches are a valuable addition to a healthy diet thanks to their refreshing flavor and nutrient content. They are rich in:
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Vitamin C
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Vitamin A
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Potassium
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Antioxidants
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Dietary fiber
Peaches strengthen the immune system, aid digestion, and nourish the skin. Their fiber content helps with satiety and regulates bowel movements. Antioxidants fight free radicals and help protect cells from damage.
They are also low in calories and high in water content, making them ideal for hydration and weight management during hot summer days.
Harvesting, Packaging, and Export Process
Depending on the variety, peaches are harvested between June and September. The harvest time is determined by the fruit’s color, firmness, and aromatic scent. Harvesting is done by hand to avoid damage, and the fruits are carefully transported and sorted.
Peaches suitable for export are selected based on size, color, aroma, and firmness. They are packed in special crates or ventilated boxes. Stored in cold storage to preserve freshness, they are transported via cold chain logistics.
Turkey exports peaches to Russia, European countries, the Middle East, and the Balkans. Bursa peaches are particularly popular in these markets.
Conclusion
Peaches are refreshing, healthy, and flavorful summer fruits that hold a significant place both in domestic consumption and international markets.