Features of Watermelon
Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is a large, juicy fruit from the Cucurbitaceae family, making it a favorite during the summer months. Typically, its outer skin is green, and the inside is red with black seeds, although seedless and yellow-fleshed varieties are also available.
Consisting of approximately 90% water, watermelon provides a refreshing taste that offers natural coolness on hot days. Due to its large size, it is usually consumed in slices and is most commonly enjoyed as fresh fruit. It is also widely used in beverages, smoothies, fruit salads, and desserts.
History
The origin of watermelon dates back to the African continent, particularly modern-day Sudan and Egypt. Traces of watermelon have been found in ancient Egyptian remains. From there, it spread to the Mediterranean and then to Asia.
In Turkey, watermelon cultivation has been a long-standing agricultural practice. Regions such as Adana, Diyarbakır, Antalya, Manisa, Aydın, and Konya are among the main watermelon-producing areas. Turkey holds a significant position globally in both production and consumption.
Health Benefits
Watermelon is packed with nutrients such as:
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Vitamin C
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Vitamin A (beta-carotene)
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Potassium
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Lycopene
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Antioxidants
Lycopene, a natural pigment responsible for watermelon’s red color, is particularly known for its heart-health and cancer-protective effects.
Thanks to its high water content, watermelon helps hydrate the body and balance fluid loss, especially in hot weather. It also aids in digestion, supports kidney function, and keeps the skin refreshed. With its low calorie content, watermelon makes a healthy snack option and can be enjoyed in diets without worry.
The amino acid citrulline found in watermelon also helps regulate blood flow and can reduce muscle soreness.
Harvesting, Packaging, and Export Process
Watermelon generally ripens between June and August. The harvesting process is carried out when the fruit reaches full maturity, typically using hand-picking or special cutting tools. Ripeness is determined by the color of the outer skin, the state of the stem, and the degree of yellowing at the bottom.
Once harvested, watermelons are carefully transported to avoid scratches or bruising and are classified based on size, color, and appearance. The watermelons that are suitable for export are packed in sturdy packaging and shipped under cold chain conditions to preserve their freshness.
Turkey exports watermelons mainly to countries such as Romania, Bulgaria, Iraq, Ukraine, and Russia.
Conclusion
Watermelon, with its fresh, natural, and healthy cooling effect in summer, is highly popular both in the domestic market and internationally. Its aroma, fulfilling nature, and health benefits make it a favorite fruit among fruit lovers.